Cultivating epizoic diatoms supplies insights into the evolution and ecology of each epibionts and hosts
Zaneveld, J. R., McMinds, R. & Thurber, R. V. Stress and stability: Making use of the Anna Karenina precept to animal microbiomes. Nat. Microbiol. 2, 1–8 (2017).
Trevelline, B. Okay., Fontaine, S. S., Hartup, B. Okay. & Kohl, Okay. D. Conservation biology wants a microbial renaissance: A name for the consideration of host-associated microbiota in wildlife administration practices. Proc. R. Soc. B 286, 2018–2448 (2019).
Bennett, A. G. On the prevalence of diatoms on the pores and skin of whales. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 91, 352–357 (1920).
Denys, L. Morphology and taxonomy of epizoic diatoms (Epiphalaina and Tursiocola) on a sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) stranded on the coast of Belgium. Diatom. Res. 12, 1–18 (1997).
Majewska, R. Tursiocola neliana sp. nov (Bacillariophyceae) epizoic on South African leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) and new observations on the genus Tursiocola. Phytotaxa 453, 1–15 (2020).
Majewska, R. et al. Chelonicola and Poulinea, two new gomphonemoid genera dwelling on marine turtles from Costa Rica. Phytotaxa 233, 236–250 (2015).
Majewska, R. et al. Shared epizoic taxa and variations in diatom neighborhood construction between inexperienced turtles (Chelonia mydas) from distant habitats. Microb Ecol. 74, 969–978 (2017).
Majewska, R. et al. Two new epizoic Achnanthes species (Bacillariophyta) dwelling on marine turtles from Costa Rica. Bot. Mar. 60, 303–318 (2017).
Majewska, R., De Stefano, M. & Van de Vijver, B. Labellicula lecohuiana, a brand new epizoic diatom species dwelling on inexperienced turtles in Costa Rica. Nova Hedwig Beih. 146, 23–31 (2018).
Majewska, R. et al. Craspedostauros alatus sp. nov., a brand new diatom (Bacillariophyta) species discovered on museum sea turtle specimens. Diatom Res. 33, 229–240 (2018).
Majewska, R. et al. Six new epibiotic Proschkinia (Bacillariophyta) species and new insights into the genus phylogeny. Eur. J. Phycol. 54, 609–631 (2019).
Majewska, R., Robert, Okay., Van de Vijver, B. & Nel, R. A brand new species of Lucanicum (Cyclophorales, Bacillariophyta) related to loggerhead sea turtles from South Africa. Bot. Lett. 167, 7–14 (2020).
Frankovich, T. A., Sullivan, M. J. & Stacy, N. I. Tursiocola denysii sp. Nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the neck pores and skin of Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Phytotaxa 234, 227–236 (2015).
Frankovich, T. A., Ashworth, M. P., Sullivan, M. J., Vesela, J. & Stacy, N. I. Medlinella amphoroidea gen. et sp. Nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the neck pores and skin of Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Phytotaxa 272, 101–114 (2016).
Riaux-Gobin, C. et al. New epizoic diatom (Bacillariophyta) species from sea turtles within the Japanese Caribbean and South Pacific. Diatom Res. 32, 109–125 (2017).
Riaux-Gobin, C., Witkowski, A., Chevallier, D. & Daniszewska-Kowalczyk, G. Two new Tursiocola species (Bacillariophyta) epizoic on inexperienced turtles (Chelonia mydas) in French Guiana and Japanese Caribbean. Fottea Olomouc 17, 150–163 (2017).
Riaux-Gobin, C., Witkowski, A., Kociolek, J. P. & Chevallier, D. Navicula dermochelycola sp. Nov., presumably an completely epizoic diatom on sea turtles Dermochelys coriacea and Lepidochelys olivacea from French Guiana. Oceanol. Hydrobiol. Stud. 49, 132–139 (2020).
Robert, Okay., Bosak, S. & Van de Vijver, B. Catenula exigua sp. nov., a brand new marine diatom (Bacillariophyta) species from the Adriatic Sea. Phytotaxa 414, 113–118 (2019).
Van de Vijver, B. & Bosak, S. Planothidium kaetherobertianum, a brand new marine diatom (Bacillariophyta) species from the Adriatic Sea. Phytotaxa 425, 105–112 (2019).
Robinson, N. J. et al. Epibiotic diatoms are universally current on all sea turtle species. PLoS ONE 11, e0157011 (2016).
Van de Vijver, B. et al. Variety of diatom communities (Bacillariophyta) related to loggerhead sea turtles. PLoS ONE 15, e0236513 (2020).
Van de Vijver, B., Robert, Okay., Witkowski, A. & Bosak, S. Majewskaea gen. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a brand new marine benthic diatom genus from the Adriatic Sea. Fottea 20, 112–120 (2020).
Majewska, R. Nagumoea hydrophicola sp. Nov. (Bacillariophyta), the primary diatom species described from sea snakes. Diatom Res. 36, 49–59 (2021).
Frankovich, T. A., Sullivan, M. J. & Stacey, N. I. Three new species of Tursiocola (Bacillariophyta) from the pores and skin of the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus). Phytotaxa 204, 33–48 (2015).
Frankovich, T. A., Ashworth, M. P., Sullivan, M. J., Theriot, E. C. & Stacy, N. I. Epizoic and apochlorotic Tursiocola species (Bacillariophyta) from the pores and skin of Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris). Protist 169, 539–568 (2018).
Azari, M. et al. Diatoms on sea turtles and floating particles within the Persian Gulf (Western Asia). Phycologia 59, 292–304 (2020).
Majewska, R. & Goosen, W. E. For higher, for worse: Manatee-associated Tursiocola (Bacillariophyta) stay trustworthy to their host. J. Phycol. 56, 1019–1027 (2020).
Smol, J. P. & Stoermer, E. F. The Diatoms: Functions for the Environmental and Earth Sciences (Cambridge College Press, 2010).
Rivera, S. F. et al. DNA metabarcoding and microscopic analyses of sea turtles biofilms: Complementary to know turtle habits. PLoS ONE 13, e0195770 (2018).
Majewska, R. et al. On sea turtle-associated Craspedostauros with description of three novel species. J Phycol. 57, 199–208 (2021).
Holmes, R. W. The morphology of diatoms epizoic on cetaceans and their switch from Cocconeis to 2 new genera, Bennettella and Epipellis. Br. Phycol. J. 20, 43–57 (1985).
Woodworth, Okay. A., Frankovich, T. A. & Freshwater, D. W. Melanothamnus maniticola (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta): An epizoic species developed for all times on the West Indian Manatee. J. Phycol. 55, 1239–1245 (2019).
Vitt, L. J. & Caldwell, J. P. Herpetology: An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles (Educational Press, 2013).
Pitman, L. R. et al. Pores and skin within the sport: Epidermal molt as a driver of long-distance migration in whales. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 36, 565–594 (2020).
Pope, D. H. & Berger, L. R. Algal photosynthesis at elevated hydrostatic stress and fixed pO2. Arch. Microbiol. 89, 321–325 (1973).
Calcagno, V., Jarne, P., Loreau, M., Mouquet, N. & David, P. Variety spurs diversification in ecological communities. Nat. Commun. 8, 15810 (2017).
Robinson, N. J. & Pfaller, J. B. Sea turtle epibiosis: International patterns and data gaps. Traits Evol. Ecol. 10, 844021 (2021).
Conant, T. A., Dutton, P. H., Eguchi, T., Epperly, S. P., Fahy, C. C., Godfrey, M. H., MacPherson, S. L., Possardt, E. E., Schroeder, B. A., Seminoff, J. A., Snover, M. L. Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) 2009 standing evaluate below the US Endangered Species Act. In Report of the loggerhead organic evaluate Staff to the Nationwide Marine Fisheries Service. 222, 1–230 (2009).
Evans, Okay. M., Wortley, A. H. & Mann, D. G. An evaluation of potential diatom ‘“barcode”’ genes (cox1, rbcL, 18S and ITS rDNA) and their effectiveness in figuring out relationships in Sellaphora (Bacillariophyta). Protist 158, 349–364 (2007).
Hamsher, S. E., Evans, Okay. M., Mann, D. G., Poulíčková, A. & Saunders, G. W. Barcoding diatoms: Exploring alternate options to COI-5P. Protist 162, 405–422 (2011).
Bowen, B. W. & Karl, S. A. Inhabitants genetics and phylogeography of sea turtles. Mol Ecol. 16, 4886–4907 (2007).
Shanker, Okay., Ramadevi, J., Choudhury, B. C., Singh, L. & Aggarwal, R. Okay. Phylogeography of olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) on the east coast of India: implications for conservation idea. Mol. Ecol. 13, 1899–1909 (2004).
Pinou, T. et al. Standardizing sea turtle epibiont sampling: Outcomes of the epibiont workshop on the thirty seventh Worldwide Sea Turtle Symposium. Mar. Turt. Newsl. 157, 22–32 (2019).
Ehrhert L., Ogren L. H. Research in foraging habitats: capturing and dealing with turtles. In Analysis and administration methods for the conservation of sea turtles (eds. Eckert, Okay. L., Bjorndal, Okay. A., Abreu-Grobois, F. A., Donnelly, M.). IUCN/SSC Marine Turtle Specialist Group. Publication No. 4. (1999).
Guillard, R. R. Tradition of phytoplankton for feeding marine invertebrates. In Tradition of Marine Invertebrate Animals 29–60 (Springer, 1975).
Theriot, E. C., Ashworth, M. P., Nakov, T., Ruck, E. & Jansen, R. Okay. Dissecting sign and noise in diatom chloroplast protein encoding genes with phylogenetic data profiling. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 89, 28–36 (2015).
Lobban, C. S., Ashworth, M. P., Calaor, J. J. & Theriot, E. C. Excessive range in fine-grained morphology reveals fourteen new species of conopeate Nitzschia (Bacillariophyta: Bacillariales). Phytotaxa. 401, 199–238 (2019).
Lanfear, R., Frandsen, P. B., Wright, A. M., Senfeld, T. & Calcott, B. PartitionFinder 2: New strategies for choosing partitioned fashions of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. Mol. Biol. Evol. 34, 772–773 (2017).
Lanfear, R., Calcott, B., Kainer, D., Mayer, C. & Stamatakis, A. Choosing optimum partitioning schemes for phylogenomic datasets. BMC Evol. Biol. 14, 1–14 (2014).
Stamatakis, A. RAxML model 8: A software for phylogenetic evaluation and post-analysis of huge phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30, 1312–1313 (2014).
Nguyen, L.-T., Schmidt, H. A., von Haeseler, A. & Minh, B. Q. IQ-TREE: A quick and efficient stochastic algorithm for estimating most probability phylogenies. Mol. Biol. Evol. 32, 268–274 (2015).
Chernomor, O., Von Haeseler, A. & Minh, B. Q. Terrace conscious knowledge construction for phylogenomic inference from supermatrices. Syst. Biol. 65, 997–1008 (2016).
Aberer, A. J., Kobert, Okay. & Stamatakis, A. ExaBayes: Massively parallel bayesian tree inference for the whole-genome Period. Mol. Biol. Evol. 31, 2553–2556 (2014).